Sound Project

by Dan Peirce B.Sc.

reformatted from dokuwiki July 20, 2013

Table of Contents

First test of preamp and level shifting circuit. I also captured about 10 msec of sound (soft "a" vowel sound). Have not added serial eeprom to project yet.

The bias circuit looks like this (except I replaced the 33 Kohm resistor with a 22 Kohm resistor to bring the quiescent point down to about half the 3.3 volt supply).

Bias Circuit

Pre Amp Circuit

A pre amp circuit was used in testing:

Image of microphone/preamp/levelshifter with PIC18LF2620

mic preamp levelshifter PIC18LF2620

Image of signal on DSO

Image of signal in excel

Application note on serial EEPROM

http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/00966A.pdf AN966 Interfacing SPI Serial EEPROMs to Microchip PICmicro Microcontrollers

private repository for code

Created a private repository for branch of code for the sound project. This way I can have access in different locations but not sharing it since it may be a project for students.

Datasheets

1 Mbit SPI Bus Serial EEPROM

http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/21836H.pdf 1 Mbit SPI Bus Serial EEPROM Sould be good for about 16 seconds of sound at 8 KS/s (8 bits per sample) . Cost of $3.40 each if we get 10 or more.

12-Bit A/D Converter with SPI Serial Interface

12-Bit A/D Converter with SPI Serial Interface -

8/10/12-Bit Voltage Output Digital-to-Analog Converter with SPI Interface

http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/22248a.pdf

SPI

Suggested reading

SPI is as about a simple a serial interface as one can get. The slave devices only need to contain a parallel to serial device and a serial to parallel device. Essentially shift registers.

3.3 Volt LCD

The LCD we have been using in apsc1299 runs off of 5 volts. Initially I believed we would need a 3.3 volt LCD for phys1600. The adoption of the uUSB- MB5 for physics 1600 probably makes the use of a serial LCD unnecessary (except possibly for stand alone projects). see phys1600_parts.

Notes from before the uUSB-MB5 was adopted

So far I have found 3.3 volt LCDs (2x16 characters as before) but not with a built in serial interface. Example with a parallel interface http://www.solarbotics.com/product/50410/ Might have to build our own SPI to 8 bit parallel interface with the PIC18F2620.

Found an alternative LCD. It is physically smaller. It runs at 3.3 volts and has a serial four wire input. I think it is worth a closer look. They are only about $11 each from Digikey.

Note that the LCD uses a charge pump. See charge_pump

Public Switched Telephone Network

The world wide public switched telephone network uses digital encoding, 8 bit, 8 k samples/second. The sound quality for quite sounds is improved by using a non linear encoding scheme. Don't think I'd go into that in this course but just pointing out that 8 KHz sampling is adequate for voice.

In the phone system an analog anti-aliasing filter is used before the signal is digitized by a codec in the switch station.

"To carry a typical phone call from a calling party to a called party, the audio sound is digitized at an 8 kHz sample rate using 8-bit pulse code modulation."

See http://www.networkdictionary.com/telecom/pstn.php

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-linear_quantization That system is old. Digital cell phones have a better scheme but that makes little difference when connecting to analog phones through the Public Switch Telephone Network.

For land lines the system is generally analog from a persons home to the switch station. Between switching stations the system is digital. At one time the whole system was analogue. Individual calls would be modulated to different frequencies (or "channels) so that many calls could be put on one pair of wires between switching stations. These days the calls are digitized and time division multiplexing is used.

Better Performance Development Board

Microchip produces a development board specifically for audio applicatio ns. Note that a 32 bit processor is used.